Protect our planet with our BME405B VTU Notes. Master ecosystem dynamics, pollution control, and sustainable development for the 2022 Scheme at the all-new vtubuddy.in Mechanical and Civil resource and exam portal.
Protect our planet with our BME405B VTU Notes. Master ecosystem dynamics, pollution control, and sustainable development for the 2022 Scheme at the all-new vtubuddy.in Mechanical and Civil resource and exam portal.
Multidisciplinary nature of environmental studies. Scope and importance; Concept of sustainability and sustainable development. Ecosystems: Structure and function of ecosystem; Energy flow in an ecosystem: food chains, food webs and ecological succession. Forest ecosystem, Grassland ecosystem, Desert ecosystem, Aquatic ecosystems (ponds, streams, lakes, rivers, oceans, est
Natural Resources: Renewable and Non-Renewable Resources: Land resources and land-use change; Land degradation, soil erosion and desertification. Deforestation: Causes and impacts due to mining, dam building on environment, forests, biodiversity and tribal populations. Water: Use and over-exploitation of surface and ground water, floods, droughts, conflicts over
water (International & Inter-state). Energy resources: Renewable and non-renewable energy sources, use of alternate energy sources, growing energy needs, case studies.
Levels of biological diversity: Genetic, species and ecosystem diversity; Biogeographic zones of India; Biodiversity patterns and global biodiversity hotspots. India as a mega-biodiversity nation; Endangered and endemic species of India. Threats to biodiversity: Habitat loss, poaching of wildlife, man-wildlife conflicts, biological invasions; Conservation of biodiversity: In-situ and Ex-situ conservation of biodiversity.
Ecosystem and biodiversity services: Ecological, economic, social, ethical, aesthetic and Informational value. Environmental Pollution Environmental Pollution: Types, causes, effects and controls; Air, water, soil and noise pollution. Nuclear hazards and human health risks. Solid waste management, Control measures of urban and industrial waste
Climate change, global warming, ozone layer depletion, acid rain and impacts on human communities and agriculture. Environment Laws: Environment Protection Act; Air (Prevention & Control of Pollution) Act; Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act; Wildlife (Protection) Act; Forest Conservation Act.
International agreements: Montreal and Kyoto protocols and Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD). Nature reserves, tribal populations and rights, and human wildlife conflicts in Indian context.
Human Communities and the Environment : Human population growth: Impacts on environment, human health and welfare. Resettlement and rehabilitation of project affected persons; case studies. Disaster management: Floods, Earthquake, Cyclones and Landslides. Environmental movements: Chipko, Silent valley, Bishnois of Rajasthan. Environmental ethics: Role of Indian and other religions and cultures in environment
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